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- Special Edition -
The CORONATION
OF PTOLEMY XIII AND CLEOPATRA
Part 1: THE CEREMONIAL
The coronation of the pharaoh was a major ritual in ancient Egypt through which two pharaohs publicly demonstrated the transfer of supreme power between them. Accession to the throne was celebrated with several ceremonies, rites, and lengthy festivals that the king had to complete before being allowed to wear the crown(s) of Egypt.
This is why Egyptologists today describe the year a new pharaoh ascends to the throne as the "coronation year."
Here are the most important ceremonies:
- Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt: A ritual depicting a defeated chieftain being struck dead by a victorious king with a ceremonial mace.
- Circumambulation of the White Walls of Memphis: A ritual procession around the city of Memphis to reinforce the king's right to the throne and to claim the city as the new seat of power.
- Appearance of the King: This ceremony took place immediately after the coronation to confirm the king's right to rule.
- Sed Festival: A ceremony marking the beginning of the king's reign, linked to the length of his time on the throne.
- Sokar Festival: A ceremony involving a ceremonial boat bearing a cult image of the god Sokar, which the King pulls to a sacred lake or to the Nile.
- Breastfeeding of the young King: Symbolic and represented by small figurines depicting the young Pharaoh seated on the lap of the goddess Isis.
Period of this event: Late 52 to early 51 BCE. Cleopatra VII, then about eighteen years old, was associated with the power of her father, Ptolemy XII.
A few months later, the will of King Ptolemy XII, who died in 51 BCE, designated Cleopatra and her younger brother, Ptolemy XII, about ten years her junior, as successors. She was nominally married to him, as, according to Ptolemaic custom, she could not rule alone.
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